芭乐视频app下载安装

軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)與(yu)(yu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)件之(zhi)間(jian)發生相(xiang)(xiang)對運(yun)動產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻礙(ai)表面金(jin)屬(shu)質點流動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力(li)(li)，稱(cheng)為摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)阻力(li)(li)或外摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)力(li)(li)，摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)力(li)(li)方(fang)向(xiang)與(yu)(yu)運(yun)動方(fang)向(xiang)相(xiang)(xiang)反。而軋(ya)(ya)(ya)件發生塑性(xing)變(bian)形時，金(jin)屬(shu)內部(bu)質點產生相(xiang)(xiang)對運(yun)動（滑移）引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)，叫內摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。同體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)是(shi)(shi)整體(ti)分子(zi)強迫運(yun)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接后果，這些分子(zi)在平衡(heng)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下，間(jian)隔緊桁，彼此之(zhi)間(jian)顯示出一(yi)(yi)種強烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)互吸引(yin)力(li)(li)和排斥(chi)力(li)(li)。內摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)引(yin)起金(jin)屬(shu)本體(ti)內部(bu)剪切，并導致內部(bu)發熱。到目前為止，對金(jin)屬(shu)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)研(yan)究尚(shang)不夠深入，資料(liao)亦(yi)很貧乏。因(yin)此，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中所論(lun)述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)是(shi)(shi)指軋(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)與(yu)(yu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)件之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。???? 軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)與(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)般機械運(yun)動相(xiang)(xiang)比，因(yin)接觸表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物理性(xing)質相(xiang)(xiang)同，所以(yi)，研(yan)究軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)同樣應建立在一(yi)(yi)般摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)理論(lun)基礎上。但是(shi)(shi)，兩者又有差別，金(jin)屬(shu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)具有下述特點：???

? (1)內外摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)。在(zai)(zai)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)由(you)于金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，所(suo)以內外摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)存在(zai)(zai)，相(xiang)互作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，而(er)(er)(er)機(ji)械運動(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)只有(you)(you)外摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)存在(zai)(zai)。內摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式(shi)是(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)熱(re)(re)。???? (2)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)高(gao)。金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)承受較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)單(dan)位(wei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)達50 - 500 MPa，冷軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)達500—2500 MPa，而(er)(er)(er)運轉(zhuan)機(ji)械中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，一般重(zhong)軸承所(suo)受壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)也(ye)不(bu)過(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)20—50 MPa。???? (3)影響(xiang)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素眾多，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應力(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區(qu)(qu)內金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)所(suo)處(chu)應力(li)(li)狀態(tai)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)幾何參數以及(ji)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)藝條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、速度(du)(du)、變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)及(ji)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方式(shi)等）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)函(han)數。例如(ru)(ru)，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)麻力(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)坐標點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)函(han)數，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，越靠近(jin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區(qu)(qu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應力(li)(li)越大(da)(da)；薄件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)比厚件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應力(li)(li)要(yao)大(da)(da)；低溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應力(li)(li)般比高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)大(da)(da)。???? (4)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀況與(yu)性(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)斷變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。運轉(zhuan)機(ji)械零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)彈性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)范圍。整體(ti)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)會發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)而(er)(er)(er)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)少(shao)量(liang)新(xin)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。而(er)(er)(er)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)斷擴大(da)(da)和(he)更新(xin)（內部質(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)移(yi)至表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)）。此(ci)外，表(biao)(biao)(biao)而(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜破(po)壞后，金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)新(xin)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)裸露，都(dou)將引起(qi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀況與(yu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)和(he)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。尤其在(zai)(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)迅速被氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，例如(ru)(ru)，鋼加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)到950~1160℃，鋁(lv)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)到350-650℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，且(qie)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)各層(ceng)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)組(zu)(zu)成與(yu)性(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)小一樣(yang)，都(dou)會使(shi)(shi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應力(li)(li)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。通常，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)能(neng)減少(shao)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)，起(qi)潤滑作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，而(er)(er)(er)室溫(wen)(wen)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)性(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)堅硬(ying)而(er)(er)(er)脆(cui)，在(zai)(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)膜破(po)碎(sui)后，起(qi)磨粒(li)磨削作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。冷軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，因(yin)(yin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)硬(ying)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，引起(qi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)性(xing)能(neng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，也(ye)會影響(xiang)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)副摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)狀況的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。???? 總(zong)之(zhi)，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)始(shi)終存在(zai)(zai)于軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，而(er)(er)(er)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，就像萬有(you)(you)引力(li)(li)對(dui)自然(ran)(ran)界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)一樣(yang)，有(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)它，有(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)又盡量(liang)避免它。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)：???? (1)保(bao)證加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實現(xian)。在(zai)(zai)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)所(suo)以能(neng)曳入(ru)輥(gun)縫內軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，就是(shi)(shi)由(you)于后滑區(qu)(qu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)力(li)(li)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果，否則軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)無法實現(xian)自然(ran)(ran)咬入(ru)。現(xian)場生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，為了提高(gao)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)而(er)(er)(er)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)道次壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)(xia)量(liang)，常常通過(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)刻痕、點(dian)(dian)焊或者(zhe)向變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區(qu)(qu)內加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)磷等方法以增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)，進行強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。???? (2)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)物(wu)體(ti)應力(li)(li)狀態(tai)，致(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)抗力(li)(li)和(he)能(neng)量(liang)消(xiao)耗增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。???? (3)引起(qi)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)應力(li)(li)分(fen)布小均(jun)勻(yun)。圓(yuan)柱(zhu)體(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，因(yin)(yin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)受摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)影響(xiang)，圓(yuan)柱(zhu)體(ti)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)越大(da)(da)，金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)質(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)難于流(liu)動(dong)，常常出(chu)現(xian)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)質(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)側面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)翻平現(xian)象，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積愈大(da)(da)，側翻愈嚴重(zhong)，而(er)(er)(er)遠離接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)，因(yin)(yin)受摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)影響(xiang)較(jiao)小，質(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)流(liu)速度(du)(du)較(jiao)快(kuai)，最后工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為鼓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。此(ci)外，由(you)于外摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)單(dan)位(wei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)分(fen)布不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)由(you)邊緣至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)逐(zhu)漸升高(gao)，且(qie)在(zai)(zai)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部三向壓(ya)(ya)(ya)應力(li)(li)最強(qiang)。???? (4)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)，降(jiang)低使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)一方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)南接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)相(xiang)對(dui)滑動(dong)，或者(zhe)黏附(fu)引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)；另一方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)因(yin)(yin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)副間(jian)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)熱(re)(re)，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)。此(ci)外，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)使(shi)(shi)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)與(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)力(li)(li)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，也(ye)會加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)。???? (5)惡化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)(shu)消(xiao)耗。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)不(bu)僅(jin)直接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)影響(xiang)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，而(er)(er)(er)且(qie)對(dui)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)精度(du)(du)和(he)組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)利(li)影響(xiang)，如(ru)(ru)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)導致(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)厚板局(ju)部開裂、組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)能(neng)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)、薄板板形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)差、表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)粗糙度(du)(du)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)等。???? (6)降(jiang)低作(zuo)業(ye)率，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成本(ben)。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)減少(shao)和(he)因(yin)(yin)磨損(sun)(sun)(sun)導致(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)直接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)影響(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成本(ben)，不(bu)僅(jin)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻繁(fan)更換還(huan)導致(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)作(zuo)業(ye)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)。