芭乐视频app下载安装

軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過程中(zhong)，軋(ya)(ya)輥(gun)與(yu)軋(ya)(ya)件(jian)之間(jian)(jian)發生相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻礙表面金屬(shu)(shu)質(zhi)點(dian)(dian)流動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阻力(li)，稱為(wei)(wei)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)阻力(li)或外(wai)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)力(li)，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)力(li)方向與(yu)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方向相(xiang)(xiang)反。而(er)軋(ya)(ya)件(jian)發生塑(su)性變形(xing)時，金屬(shu)(shu)內部質(zhi)點(dian)(dian)產生相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)（滑(hua)移）引(yin)起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)，叫內摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。同體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)是整體(ti)(ti)分子強迫運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)接(jie)后果，這些分子在平衡狀態下，間(jian)(jian)隔緊桁(heng)，彼此之間(jian)(jian)顯示出(chu)一(yi)種(zhong)強烈(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)吸(xi)引(yin)力(li)和排斥力(li)。內摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)引(yin)起(qi)(qi)金屬(shu)(shu)本體(ti)(ti)內部剪切(qie)，并導致內部發熱。到(dao)目前為(wei)(wei)止，對(dui)金屬(shu)(shu)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)內摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)研究尚(shang)不夠深入，資(zi)料亦(yi)很貧乏。因(yin)此，軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過程中(zhong)所論述的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)是指軋(ya)(ya)輥(gun)與(yu)軋(ya)(ya)件(jian)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)。???? 軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)與(yu)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)機械(xie)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)，因(yin)接(jie)觸表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)物理性質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)同，所以，研究軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)同樣應建立在一(yi)般(ban)(ban)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)理論基礎上(shang)。但是，兩(liang)者(zhe)又(you)有差別，金屬(shu)(shu)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)具有下述特點(dian)(dian)：???

? (1)內外(wai)(wai)(wai)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)同時存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，所(suo)以內外(wai)(wai)(wai)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)同時存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，相互作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，而(er)機(ji)械(xie)運(yun)動(dong)中(zhong)只有外(wai)(wai)(wai)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。內摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)現(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式是產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)熱(re)。???? (2)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)高。金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)時，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)承受較(jiao)高的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)單位壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)達50 - 500 MPa，冷軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時可達500—2500 MPa，而(er)運(yun)轉機(ji)械(xie)中(zhong)，一般重軸(zhou)承所(suo)受壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)過(guo)是20—50 MPa。???? (3)影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素眾(zhong)多，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)是變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區內金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)所(suo)處(chu)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)狀態，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)幾(ji)何參數以及軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝條件（溫(wen)(wen)度、速(su)度、變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)度及變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方式等(deng)）的(de)函(han)數。例如，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)麻力(li)(li)是接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)坐標(biao)點(dian)(dian)的(de)函(han)數，熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時，越(yue)靠近(jin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)越(yue)大(da)；薄(bo)件比厚(hou)件的(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)要(yao)(yao)大(da)；低溫(wen)(wen)時的(de)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)般比高溫(wen)(wen)時的(de)要(yao)(yao)大(da)。???? (4)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀況與(yu)(yu)(yu)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)斷變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化。運(yun)轉機(ji)械(xie)零件之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)屬(shu)(shu)彈性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)范(fan)圍。整體(ti)(ti)零件不(bu)(bu)會(hui)(hui)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，僅僅是因(yin)(yin)(yin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)而(er)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)少量新表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。而(er)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)不(bu)(bu)斷擴大(da)和(he)更新（內部質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)轉移至(zhi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)）。此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，表(biao)(biao)(biao)而(er)氧(yang)化膜破壞后(hou)，金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)新表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)裸(luo)露，都將引起(qi)(qi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)狀況與(yu)(yu)(yu)組(zu)(zu)織和(he)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。尤其在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)高溫(wen)(wen)時金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)迅速(su)被氧(yang)化，例如，鋼加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)到(dao)950~1160℃，鋁加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)到(dao)350-650℃時，工(gong)(gong)件表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)氧(yang)化，且(qie)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)各層氧(yang)化物(wu)(wu)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都小(xiao)一樣(yang)，都會(hui)(hui)使接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。通(tong)常，高溫(wen)(wen)氧(yang)化物(wu)(wu)能(neng)減(jian)少摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)，起(qi)(qi)潤滑作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，而(er)室溫(wen)(wen)氧(yang)化物(wu)(wu)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)堅硬(ying)而(er)脆，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時氧(yang)化膜破碎后(hou)，起(qi)(qi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)粒磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。冷軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時，因(yin)(yin)(yin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)硬(ying)化，引起(qi)(qi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)組(zu)(zu)織與(yu)(yu)(yu)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化，也(ye)會(hui)(hui)影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)副摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)狀況的(de)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。???? 總之(zhi)(zhi)，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)始(shi)終存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，而(er)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，就像萬有引力(li)(li)對(dui)自(zi)然界的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)一樣(yang)，有時需(xu)要(yao)(yao)它，有時又盡量避免它。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)是：???? (1)保(bao)證加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)實現(xian)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以能(neng)曳入輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)縫內軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)，發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)塑(su)性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，就是由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)后(hou)滑區摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)力(li)(li)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)的(de)結果(guo)，否則軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)無法實現(xian)自(zi)然咬入。現(xian)場生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)，為了提高產(chan)(chan)(chan)量而(er)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)道次壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)量，常常通(tong)過(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)刻痕、點(dian)(dian)焊或者向變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)區內加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)氧(yang)化磷等(deng)方法以增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)，進行強(qiang)化軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)。???? (2)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)(ti)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)狀態，致(zhi)使金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)抗力(li)(li)和(he)能(neng)量消(xiao)耗增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。???? (3)引起(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)件變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)分布小(xiao)均(jun)勻(yun)。圓(yuan)柱體(ti)(ti)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時，因(yin)(yin)(yin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)受摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，圓(yuan)柱體(ti)(ti)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)越(yue)大(da)，金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)難(nan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)流(liu)動(dong)，常常出現(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)側(ce)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)翻(fan)平現(xian)象，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積愈大(da)，側(ce)翻(fan)愈嚴重，而(er)遠離(li)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)受摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)較(jiao)小(xiao)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)點(dian)(dian)流(liu)速(su)度較(jiao)快(kuai)，最后(hou)工(gong)(gong)件變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為鼓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上單位壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)分布不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)，工(gong)(gong)件由(you)邊緣(yuan)至(zhi)中(zhong)心壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)逐漸升高，且(qie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)中(zhong)部三向壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)應(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)最強(qiang)。???? (4)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)，降低使用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)一方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是南接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)相對(dui)滑動(dong)，或者黏附(fu)引起(qi)(qi)的(de)；另一方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是因(yin)(yin)(yin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)副間(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)熱(re)，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)。此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，摩(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)擦(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)(ca)使工(gong)(gong)件變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)與(yu)(yu)(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)力(li)(li)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)，也(ye)會(hui)(hui)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)。???? (5)惡化制(zhi)(zhi)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)消(xiao)耗。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)的(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)不(bu)(bu)僅直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)品表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量，而(er)且(qie)對(dui)制(zhi)(zhi)品的(de)尺寸精度和(he)組(zu)(zu)織性(xing)(xing)能(neng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)利影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，如不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)導致(zhi)的(de)中(zhong)厚(hou)板(ban)局(ju)部開裂、組(zu)(zu)織性(xing)(xing)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)、薄(bo)板(ban)板(ban)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)差(cha)、表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)粗糙度增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)等(deng)。???? (6)降低作(zuo)(zuo)業率，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)使用(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命的(de)減(jian)少和(he)因(yin)(yin)(yin)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)導致(zhi)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)下(xia)降直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)影響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本，不(bu)(bu)僅如此(ci)，軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)的(de)頻繁更換還導致(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)作(zuo)(zuo)業率的(de)下(xia)降。